{
  "country_code": "BA",
  "id": "stecci-giants-graveyards",
  "title": "Stećci: the stones remembered as giants’ graves",
  "category": "objet",
  "date": "2016-01-01",
  "date_label": "2016 heritage decision; stones principally belong to the medieval period",
  "location": "Radimlja area, Stolac",
  "lat": 43.091,
  "lng": 17.926,
  "summary": "Medieval tombstones bear scenes and inscriptions, while later traditions attribute them to giants and fairies. Their material context lets investigators test how forgotten histories become supernatural explanations.",
  "documented_claim": "The UNESCO decision records giant and fairy traditions associated with stećci.",
  "unproven_claim": "Their size demonstrates that supernatural beings carved or moved the stones.",
  "sources": [
    {
      "title": "UNESCO — Stećci Medieval Tombstone Graveyards",
      "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1504/",
      "language": "en",
      "kind": "Heritage assessment",
      "note": "Dates, forms and inter-confessional use; regional corpus rather than one cemetery.",
      "id": "S1",
      "accessed_on": "2026-09-30"
    },
    {
      "title": "UNESCO — Decision 40 COM 8B.24",
      "url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/decisions/6802",
      "language": "en",
      "kind": "Official inscription decision",
      "note": "Records names and fairy/giant traditions; same inscription process as the site description.",
      "id": "S2",
      "accessed_on": "2026-09-30"
    }
  ],
  "country": "Bosnia and Herzegovina",
  "author": "Eklipsis",
  "content_languages": [
    "en"
  ],
  "path": "/investigations/stecci-giants-graveyards",
  "source_url": "https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1504/",
  "location_precision": "region",
  "location_note": "Approximate orientation marker for the named locality, not an exact encounter, burial, ritual or excavation position.",
  "location_source_url": "https://www.openstreetmap.org/?mlat=43.091&mlon=17.926#map=8/43.091/17.926",
  "reviewed_on": "2026-09-30",
  "edition": 1,
  "truth_type": "unknown",
  "verdict": "Human-made medieval funerary monuments are supported. Giant or fairy builders are later attributed explanations, not an archaeological finding.",
  "sections": [
    {
      "title": "The mystery and the documented account",
      "text": "UNESCO describes the stećci as medieval monolithic tombstones used across Christian communities in Bosnia and Herzegovina and neighbouring states. The heritage inscription includes twenty-eight component sites; this dossier uses the Radimlja area as an orientation marker, not as the source of every tradition. The 2016 decision records names such as giants’ cemetery and accounts linking the carving and placement of stones to fantastic beings. It also distinguishes everyday, religious and decorative imagery. These are two histories: the stones’ production and the stories told after knowledge of their makers changed.",
      "refs": [
        "S1",
        "S2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "The question worth investigating",
      "text": "Which motifs and unusually large stones encouraged supernatural attribution? A site-by-site comparison could reveal whether giant and fairy stories correlate with particular shapes or simply with interrupted historical memory.",
      "refs": []
    },
    {
      "title": "Evidence, provenance and uncertainty",
      "text": "The UNESCO description and decision belong to the same inscription process. They do not prove every local tale existed when the stones were carved. Traditions from the full regional corpus must not be assigned to Radimlja without a local citation. The dossier contains no instruction to open graves.",
      "refs": [
        "S1",
        "S2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Inspector’s assessment",
      "text": "Human-made medieval funerary monuments are supported. Giant or fairy builders are later attributed explanations, not an archaeological finding.",
      "refs": []
    },
    {
      "title": "Next research and discriminating evidence",
      "text": "Compare published inscriptions, dated motifs and local collected stories. Keep each tradition attached to its named cemetery and collector. Test whether a claimed motif has been accurately drawn before interpreting it. Use existing surveys and photography; preserve burial contexts and omit private or protected coordinates.",
      "refs": []
    }
  ],
  "timeline": [
    {
      "date": "Twelfth–sixteenth centuries",
      "text": "The heritage synthesis places production within the medieval period.",
      "refs": [
        "S1"
      ]
    },
    {
      "date": "After production ceased",
      "text": "The decision describes continuing beliefs and stories around the stones.",
      "refs": [
        "S2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "date": "2016",
      "text": "The serial graveyard property is inscribed through the cited decision.",
      "refs": [
        "S2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "date": "30 September 2026",
      "text": "Eklipsis compiles this English documentary investigation from the named sources. No field visit or new eyewitness interview is claimed.",
      "refs": []
    }
  ],
  "claims": [
    {
      "text": "The UNESCO decision records giant and fairy traditions associated with stećci.",
      "status": "Documented in the named record",
      "refs": [
        "S1"
      ]
    },
    {
      "text": "Their size demonstrates that supernatural beings carved or moved the stones.",
      "status": "Not established by the selected evidence",
      "refs": [
        "S1",
        "S2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "text": "Human-made medieval funerary monuments are supported. Giant or fairy builders are later attributed explanations, not an archaeological finding.",
      "status": "Editorial assessment; stated limits apply",
      "refs": []
    }
  ],
  "hypotheses": [
    {
      "title": "Later folklore around real funerary art",
      "status": "Supported historical framework",
      "support": "Inscriptions and carving traditions coexist with later supernatural attributions.",
      "limits": "Individual tales require their own dates.",
      "test": "Match each recorded tale with its cemetery and earliest collection."
    },
    {
      "title": "One secret belief explains all motifs",
      "status": "Overgeneralisation",
      "support": "Some carvings have symbolic or religious content.",
      "limits": "The corpus spans places, communities and centuries.",
      "test": "Compare motif distributions and inscriptions rather than imposing one meaning."
    }
  ],
  "tasks": [
    {
      "title": "Trace the earliest accessible record",
      "body": "For Stećci: the stones remembered as giants’ graves, record author or storyteller, collection date, language, translation, page and exact scope. Distinguish evidence of a story being told from evidence of its events. Note which full documents remain unavailable."
    },
    {
      "title": "Investigate the central question",
      "body": "Compare published inscriptions, dated motifs and local collected stories. Keep each tradition attached to its named cemetery and collector. Test whether a claimed motif has been accurately drawn before interpreting it. Use existing surveys and photography; preserve burial contexts and omit private or protected coordinates."
    },
    {
      "title": "Compare explanations without merging evidence",
      "body": "Match each recorded tale with its cemetery and earliest collection. Compare motif distributions and inscriptions rather than imposing one meaning. Preserve contradictions and unsuccessful searches; proposed work remains unperformed."
    }
  ]
}